![]() The heart of the instrument is the microfluidic cartridge, which allows the electrical detection of nanoparticles as they pass one by one through a nanoconstriction. Spectradyne’s nCS1 instrument and associated analysis cartridges, are based on Spectradyne’s patented nanoparticle analyzer (NPA) technology. Not relying on optical technology, the Spectradyne system can be used for protein aggregation studies, extracellular vesicle analysis, nanomedicine, virus studies etc.ĭisposable microfluidic cartridges eliminate cross contamination and make operation simple and straightforward from just 2-3µl of sample. The instrument measures individual nanoparticles to produce particle size distributions with quantitative concentration information for particles from 40nm to 2000nm in size. The Spectradyne nCS1 TM instrument provides a unique platform for the rapid quantitative measurement of Nanoparticle size in solution. The Spectradyne’s nCS1 TM has taken the Coulter Counter method and re-engineered the principle, it is now possible to count and size individual particles down to 50nm. The most Modern Beckman Coulter LS 13320 XR system can now produce real data down to 10nm using the Patented PIDS system. The approach has been validated by many of the other manufacturers trying to partially copy this by adding additional wavelength measurements. By combining vertically and horizontally polarised light with multi-wavelength measurements, a much more accurate and reliable measurement can be made below 0.4µm. Particles scatter polarised light by differing amounts. Beckman Coulter developed a patented detection system ‘Polarisation Intensity Differential Scattering’ (PIDS) to overcome the limitations of laser diffraction in this region. Some manufacturers take the intensity data down to this size level and then make effectively an educated guess at the data below in order to show something down to 0.1µm. However, once the size gets below 1µm, there is little or any discernible shape to the intensity ‘curve’ making the discernment of any angular variation virtually impossible below approx. For relatively large particles such as 20µm, this is relatively easy as the intensity minima are well defined, see below: The technique of laser diffraction requires the ability to measure the angle of diffraction of the laser light in order to ascribe a size to the particle. The material is analysed using its laser scatter pattern. The particles are placed in a flow cell between the laser and its focal point. The angle of the laser beam and particle size have an inversely proportional relationship, where the laser beam angle increases as particle size decreases and vice versa. The intensity of light scattered by a particle is directly proportional to the particle size. Laser diffraction analysis is based on the Fraunhofer diffraction theory. ![]()
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